阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生传记

诗人的传记

英国作家常被认为是维多利亚时代诗歌的主要代表。1850年，丁尼生继华兹华斯之后成为桂冠诗人;他由维多利亚女王任命，任职42年。丁尼生的作品是忧郁的，反映了他那个时代的道德和智力价值，这使得他们特别容易受到后来评论家的攻击。阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生勋爵出生于林肯郡的萨默斯比。他的父亲乔治·克莱顿·丁尼生(George Clayton Tennyson)是一名牧师兼牧师，患有抑郁症，出了名的健忘。阿尔弗雷德很小就开始以拜伦勋爵的风格写诗。在学校度过了不愉快的四年后，他在家接受辅导。丁尼生随后就读于剑桥大学三一学院，在那里他加入了文学俱乐部“使徒”，并认识了阿瑟·哈勒姆，两人成为了他最亲密的朋友。大学生社团讨论当代社会、宗教、科学和文学问题。 Encouraged by 'The Apostles', Tennyson published Poems, Chiefly Lyrical in 1830, which included the popular Mariana. He travelled with Hallam on the Continent. By 1830, Hallam had become engaged to Tennyson's sister Emily. After his father's death in 1831 Tennyson returned to Somersby without a degree. His next book, Poems(1833), received unfavourable reviews, and Tennyson ceased to publish for nearly ten years. Hallam died suddenly on the same year in Vienna. It was a heavy blow to Tennyson. He began to write Im Memorian for his lost friend - the work took seventeen years. A revised volume of Poems, included the The Lady of Shalott and The Lotus-eaters. Morte d'Arthur and Ulysses appeared in 1842 in the two-volume Poems, and established his reputation as a writer. In Ulysses Tennyson portrayed the Greek after his travels, longing past days: "How dull it is to pause, to make an end, To rust unburnished, not to shine in use!" Among Tennyson's major poetic achievements is the elegy mourning the death of his friend Arthur Hallam, In Memoriam (1850). He was born in the same year as Darwin, but his view about natural history, however, was based on catastrophe theory, not evolution. The patriotic poem Charge of the Light Brigade, published in Maud (1855), is one of Tennyson's best known works, although at first Maud was found obscure or morbid by critics ranging from George Eliot to Gladstone. Later the poem about the Light Brigade inspired Michael Curtiz's film from 1936, starring Errol Flynn. Historically the fight during the Crimean war brought to light the incompetent organization of the English army. However, the stupid mistake described in the poem honoured the soldier's courage and heroic action. In the 1870s Tennyson wrote several plays, among them poetic dramas Queen Mary (1875) and Harold (1876). In 1884 he was created a baron. Tennyson died at Aldwort on October 6, 1892 and was buried in the Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey. Soon he became the favourite target of attacks of many English and American poets who saw him as a representative of narrow patriotism and sentimentality. Later critics have praised again Tennyson. T.S. Eliot has called him 'the great master of metric as well as of melancholia' and that he possessed the finest ear of any English poet since Milton.