刘易斯·卡罗尔传记

刘易斯·卡罗尔

刘易斯·卡罗尔照片
  • 时间1832 - 1898
  • 的地方柴郡
  • 国家英格兰

诗人的传记

道奇森的家庭主要来自英格兰北部,与爱尔兰有联系。道奇森的祖先大多是军官或英国国教牧师,是一名保守的圣公会教徒。他的曾祖父,也叫查尔斯·道奇森,在教会中晋升为主教。他的祖父,也叫查尔斯,曾是一名陆军上尉,在1803年的一次行动中阵亡,当时他的两个儿子还只是婴儿。他的母亲名叫弗朗西丝·简·拉特维奇。这些儿子中的长子——也是另一个查尔斯——是卡罗尔的父亲。他重新做起了另一桩家族生意,接受了圣职。他去了拉格比学校,然后去了牛津的基督教堂。他在数学上很有天赋,并获得了双学士学位,这本来可以成为他辉煌学术生涯的前奏。相反,他在1827年娶了他的表兄,成为了一名乡村牧师。 Young Charles' father was an active and highly conservative clergyman of the Anglican church who involved himself, sometimes influentially, in the intense religious disputes that were dividing the Anglican church. He was High Church, inclining to Anglo-Catholicism, an admirer of Newman and the Tractarian movement, and he did his best to instill such views in his children. Young Charles, however, was to develop an ambiguous relationship with his father's values and with the Anglican church as a whole. Dodgson was born in the little parsonage of Daresbury in Cheshire, the oldest boy but already the third child of the four-and-a-half year old marriage. Eight more were to follow. When Charles was 11, his father was given the living of Croft-on-Tees in North Yorkshire, and the whole family moved to the spacious Rectory. This remained their home for the next twenty-five years. During the earlier times in his life, young Dodgson was educated at home. His "reading lists" preserved in the family testify to a precocious intellect: at the age of seven the child was reading The Pilgrim's Progress. He also suffered from a stammer — a condition shared by his siblings — that often influenced his social life throughout his years. At twelve he was sent away to a small private school at nearby Richmond (now part of Richmond School), where he appears to have been happy and settled. But in 1846, young Dodgson moved on to Rugby School, where he was evidently less happy, for as he wrote some years after leaving the place: I cannot say ... that any earthly considerations would induce me to go through my three years again ... I can honestly say that if I could have been ... secure from annoyance at night, the hardships of the daily life would have been comparative trifles to bear. Scholastically, though, he excelled with apparent ease. "I have not had a more promising boy his age since I came to Rugby" observed R.B. Mayor, the Mathematics master. Over the remaining twenty years of his life, throughout his growing wealth and fame, his existence remained little changed. He continued to teach at Christ Church until 1881, and remained in residence there until his death. His last novel, the two-volume Sylvie and Bruno, was published in 1889 and 1893 respectively. Its extraordinary convolutions and apparent confusion baffled most readers and it achieved little success. It does contain an extremely concise account of three-valued logic when Bruno counts "about a thousand and four" pigs because he is certain about the four but estimates the remainder. The only occasion on which (as far as is known) he travelled abroad was a trip to Russia in 1867, which he recounts in his "Russian Journal" which was first commercially published in 1935. He died on 14 January 1898 at his sisters' home, "The Chestnuts" in Guildford, of pneumonia following influenza. He was 2 weeks away from turning 66 years old. He is buried in Guildford at the Mount Cemetery.